Simple mistakes can affect your data and identity.

Technology is no match for the carelessness of the consumers who use it. That’s the warning from Consumer Reports, which identifies seven of the most common online errors in its September issue. The Yonkers-based organization identified the worst things computer users can do, including:

1. Taking security software for granted. It’s not enough to install it and forget it. It’s fully effective only when activated and frequently updated. Most software requires an annual subscription, which consumers have to remember to renew when it expires.

2. Accessing an account through an e-mail link. Clicking on a link embedded in unsolicited email can give cybercriminals access to accounts and leave consumers vulnerable to identity theft. No matter how official the message looks, it’s safer to ignore the link and type in the web address of the alleged institution that sent the email yourself.

3. Using a single password for all online accounts. No matter how easy and convenient that seems, it’s like having a master key for every lock in your house, car and office. Try using variations on one password instead. The best passwords use a combination of at least eight letters, numbers or symbols.

4. Downloading free software. While there are some legitimate free software downloads, much of it comes with the hidden nuisance of spyware. At best, it will slow down your computer. To avoid spyware, download freeware from reputable sites like SnapFiles.com and Download.com.

5. Thinking a Mac is invincible. Phishing scams are just as much a threat to Mac users as Windows users. Since Apple’s Safari browser has no phishing protection, Mac users should consider using Firefox or Opera browsers instead.

6. Believing a pop-up ad that warns you your computer is insecure. The best way to handle pop-ups is to block them. If you enable the browser’s pop-up blocker, you’ll avoid the temptation to click on them as well as the risk of accidentally opening one.

7. Paying for online purchases with a debit card. A debit card gives a potential thief direct access to your money in the bank. A credit card insulates your money and offers you far more consumer protections. The best bet: get a virtual account number from your credit-card company, which is good for only one purchase for a specific vendor.

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